Ishishini lehlabathi lemichiza liyinxalenye entsonkothileyo nebalulekileyo kuqoqosho lwehlabathi kunye nothungelwano lonikezelo lwempahla.Ukuveliswa kwemichiza kubandakanya ukuguqula izinto ezikrwada ezifana namafutha efosili, amanzi, iiminerali, isinyithi, njalo njalo, zibe ngamashumi amawaka eemveliso ezahlukeneyo ezingundoqo kubomi banamhlanje njengoko sisazi.Ngo-2019, iyonke ingeniso yeshishini lemichiza yehlabathi ifikelele phantse kwiitriliyoni ezine zeedola zaseMelika.
Ishishini lemichiza libanzi kunangaphambili
Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zeemveliso ezihlelwa njengeemveliso zekhemikhali, ezinokuhlelwa ngokwala macandelo alandelayo: iikhemikhali ezisisiseko, amayeza, izinto ezikhethekileyo, iikhemikhali zezolimo, kunye neemveliso zabathengi.Iimveliso ezinje ngeentlaka zeplastiki, iikhemikhali zepetroli, kunye nerabha yokwenziwa zibandakanyiwe kwicandelo leekhemikhali ezisisiseko, kwaye iimveliso ezinje ngezinto ezincamathelayo, izinto zokutywina, kunye nezambatho ziphakathi kweemveliso ezibandakanyiweyo kwicandelo leekhemikhali ezikhethekileyo.
Iinkampani zeekhemikhali zehlabathi kunye norhwebo: IYurophu iseyeyona nto inegalelo elikhulu
Urhwebo lwehlabathi lweekhemikhali luyasebenza kwaye luntsonkothile.Ngo-2020, ixabiso lokungeniswa kweekhemikhali kwihlabathi liphela lafikelela kwi-1.86 yetriliyoni yee-euro, okanye i-2.15 yetriliyoni yeedola zaseMelika.Ngeli xesha, ukuthunyelwa kweekhemikhali kumazwe angaphandle kwafikelela kwixabiso le-1.78 yetriliyoni yee-euro ngaloo nyaka.IYurophu yayinoxanduva lwelona xabiso likhulu lokungeniswa kweekhemikhali kunye nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ukusukela ngo-2020, kunye ne-Asia-Pacific kwindawo yesibini kuzo zombini iirenki.
Iinkampani ezintlanu eziphambili zeekhemikhali zehlabathi ezisekelwe kwingeniso ukususela ngo-2021 yayiyi-BASF, i-Dow, i-Mitsubishi Chemical Holdings, i-LG Chem, kunye ne-LyondellBasell Industries.Inkampani yaseJamani iBASF yenze ingeniso engaphezulu kwe-59 yezigidi ze-euro kwi-2020. Uninzi lweenkampani zeekhemikhali eziphambili kwihlabathi ziye zasekwa ixesha elide.Ngokomzekelo, iBASF yasekwa eMannheim, eJamani ngowe-1865. Ngokufanayo, iDow yasekwa eMidland, eMichigan, ngowe-1897.
Ukusetyenziswa kweekhemikhali: I-Asiya ngumqhubi wokukhula
Ukusetyenziswa kweekhemikhali kwihlabathi liphela ngo-2020 kubalele ngaphezulu kwe-3.53 yetriliyoni ye-euro, okanye i-4.09 yetriliyoni yeedola zaseMelika.Lilonke, ukusetyenziswa kwemichiza yengingqi kulindeleke ukuba kukhule ngokukhawuleza kakhulu e-Asiya kwiminyaka ezayo.I-Asiya idlala indima enkulu kwimakethi yeekhemikhali zehlabathi, ibalelwa ngaphezulu kweepesenti ezingama-58 kwisabelo semarike ngo-2020, kodwa i-China iyodwa inoxanduva lokunyuka kwamva nje kokukhula kokuthengisa kunye nokusetyenziswa kweekhemikhali e-Asia.Ngo-2020, ukusetyenziswa kweekhemikhali zaseTshayina kubalelwa malunga ne-1.59 yetriliyoni yee-euro.Eli xabiso lalisondele ngokuphindwe kane ukusetyenziswa kwemichiza eUnited States ngaloo nyaka.
Nangona imveliso yeekhemikhali kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo inegalelo elibalulekileyo kwingqesho yehlabathi, urhwebo, kunye nokukhula koqoqosho, iimpembelelo zolu shishino kwindalo esingqongileyo kunye nempilo yabantu nazo kufuneka ziqwalaselwe.Oorhulumente abaninzi ehlabathini lonke baye bamisela imigaqo okanye imithetho elawula indlela yokulawula ukuthuthwa nokugcinwa kwemichiza eyingozi.Iinkqubo zolawulo lwemichiza kunye nezivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe kunye namaziko akhona ukulawula ngokufanelekileyo umthamo okhulayo weekhemikhali kwihlabathi jikelele.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-18-2021
